The template sol-gel method for synthesis of tin (iv) oxide nanoparticles
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20535/1810-0546.2015.3.56734Keywords:
Tin (IV) Oxide, Nanoparticles, Sol-gel method, TemplateAbstract
Background. It is known that the presence of templates greatly affects on physical and chemical properties of the synthesized powders. Therefore, investigation of powders synthesis SnO2 in the presence and absence of templates by sol-gel method are scientific and practical interest.
Objective. The purpose this paper was synthesis of SnO2 nanoparticles in absence and presence of template non-ionic type (ethylene glycol and PEG) by sol-gel method and characterization of obtained powders.
Methods. In paper synthesized the tin (IV) oxide powders by sol-gel method with and without the use of templates. The ethylene glycol and polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of 6000 (PEG 6000) was used as templates.
Results. The minimum temperature for crystallization of hydrated tin (IV) oxide powders is defined by thermal analysis. It is found that the heat treatment under these conditions leads to the formation of the polycrystalline powders pure rutile modification with a low degree of crystallinity and with a structure approximated to amorphous state. It is shown that the sol-gel method produces nanocrystalline (0.8–3.5 nm) and nanoparticulate (10–15 nm) powders of tin oxide (IV), and the use of template-PEG 6000 2–4 times reduces the size of crystallites. It is shown that the increase in mass of content template PEG-6000 from 1 to 10–75 % results in a slight distortion of the crystal lattice of tin oxide (IV). The calculated value of the bandgap for SnO2 is equal to 3,69 eV. This value is in good agreement with literature data.
Conclusions. The use of sol-gel method allows to obtain of nanoparticle SnO2 powders, and template –significantly smaller crystallite size SnO2 (to 0.8 nm). It is shown that minimum temperature for receiving of crystalline SnO2 is 350 °C.
References
E.P. Ganesh et al., “Preparation and characterization of SnO2 nanoparticles by hydrothermal route”, Int. Nano Lett., no. 2, pp. 1–5, 2012. doi:10.1186/2228-5326-2-17.
Q. Zhou et al., “Hydrothermal synthesis of various hierarchical ZnO. Nanostructures and their methane sensing properties”, Sensors, no. 13, pp. 6171–6182, 2013. doi:10.3390/s130506171.
T. Dontsova et al., “Stabilization of nanoscale Tin (IV) Oxide on the surface of Carbon nanotubes”, J. Electrical Engineering, vol. 2(1), pp. 34–38, 2014.
C.M. Liu et al., “Fabrication and characterization of wire-like SnO2”, J. Physics, vol. 39, pp. 2494–2497, 2006. doi:10.1088/0022-3727/39/12/004.
S.V. Nagirnyak et al., “Synthesis and characterization of nanoscale powders tin (IV) oxide with Stanum (II) oxalate”, Naukovi Visti NTUU KPI, no. 2, pp. 151–155, 2012 (in Ukrainian).
S.V. Nagirnyak et al., “Synthesis and properties of tin (IV) oxide obtained by CVD method”, Nanoscale Res. Lett., 2015, vol. 10.
H. Wang et al., “Hierarchical SnO2 Nanostructures: Recent Advances in Design”, Chem. Mater., vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 123–133, 2014. doi: 10.1021/cm4018248.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2017 NTUU KPI Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under CC BY 4.0 that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work
